Personal pronouns are essential in any language, and Lithuanian is no exception. They help us refer to people without repeating names and allow us to construct basic sentences. On this page, you’ll learn how Lithuanian personal pronouns work, how they change depending on grammatical case, and how to pronounce them correctly.
What Are Personal Pronouns?
Personal pronouns stand in for specific people or things. In English, examples include I, you, he, she, we, and they. Lithuanian has similar pronouns, but their forms change depending on grammatical case (like nominative, accusative, genitive, etc.).
Pronoun Forms in Lithuanian
In Lithuanian, personal pronouns have different forms based on whether they are singular or plural, and whether they refer to the first, second, or third person. Here’s a quick overview of the nominative case (used for the subject of a sentence):
| English | Lithuanian with pronunciation volume_down |
|---|---|
| I | Aš |
| you (singular) | Tu |
| he | Jis |
| she | Ji |
| we | Mes |
| you (plural) | Jūs |
| they | Jie |
Examples in Simple Sentences
Here are a few basic examples using Lithuanian personal pronouns:
- Aš esu studentas. – I am a student.
- Tu kalbi lietuviškai. – You speak Lithuanian.
- Jis gyvena Vilniuje. – He lives in Vilnius.
- Mes mokomės kalbų. – We are learning languages.
Gender in Third-Person Pronouns
Lithuanian distinguishes between masculine and feminine forms in the third person:
- Jis – he (masculine)
- Ji – she (feminine)
- Jie – they (masculine or mixed gender)
- Jos – they (feminine only)
Full Declension of Lithuanian Personal Pronouns
Lithuanian personal pronouns change their form depending on grammatical case. Here’s a complete table showing all forms in singular and plural.
N – Nominative; G – Genitive; D – Dative; A – Accusative; I – Instrumental; L – Locative
| English | N | G | D | A | I | L |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | Aš | Manęs | Man | Mane | Manimi | Manyje |
| You (singular) | Tu | Tavęs | Tau | Tave | Tavimi | Tavyje |
| He | Jis | Jo | Jam | Jį | Juo | Jame |
| She | Ji | Jos | Jai | Ją | Ja | Joje |
| We | Mes | Mūsų | Mums | Mus | Mumis | Mumyse |
| You (plural) | Jūs | Jūsų | Jums | Jus | Jumis | Jumyse |
| They (masc.) | Jie | Jų | Jiems | Juos | Jais | Juose |
| They (fem.) | Jos | Jų | Joms | Jas | Jomis | Jose |
What to Learn Next
Once you’re comfortable with the nominative case, try exploring how personal pronouns change in other cases, such as accusative and genitive. Understanding these patterns will help you build sentences and express ideas more fluently.
All of our grammar explanations are available online and free to access. Whether you’re just starting or reviewing, you can learn Lithuanian grammar at your own pace.